Hanover

Hanover, or Hannover, was a kingdom in the northern German Empire.

All stamps before 1864 were issued imperf. Most stamps have been reprinted (without watermark), both officially and posthumously. Most issues have also been forged with cancels also known forged. See: the Stamp Forgeries site's excerpt from The Spud Papers.

 File:Hannover 2.jpg|1851 1 gutengroschen File:Hanover tenth thal arms.jpg|1851 1/10 thaler value 
 * In 1850, its first stamp was issued, showing the value 1 gutengroschen in a shield. It is on grayish blue paper watermarked with a framework of intersecting lines. This has red gum often with traces showing on used stamps. Forgeries exist but are unwatermarked. There are also forgeries made by coloring the 1853 stamp, where the watermark would be incorrect.
 * In 1851, the same design was issued on gray green to green paper, now watermarked with crossed oak branches in a frame. These also have red gum.
 * Later in 1851, three new values were issued with values in fractions of thalers in a solid black shield. These again have red gum.
 * In 1853, a 3 pfennig (⅓ silbergroschen) oval design was issued, the oval with a ribbon on top with EIN DRITTEL GROSCHEN. This is watermarked and has red gum.

 File:Hanover 1gr Georg V imperf.jpg|1859 1gr Georg V 
 * In 1855, the 1/10 groschen design was issued on yellow to orange paper with a burelage underprint. This was unwatermarked but again had red gum.
 * In 1856, previous values were now issued with a more widely spaced burelage underprint than used in 1855, except the 3pf value which is over printed with the burelage. These have rose-colored gum.
 * In 1859, an unwatermarked 3pf design was issued without burelage, but again have red gum.
 * Later in 1859, a portrait design of Georg V was issued, with rose-colored gum.

 File:Hanover half gr posthorn.jpg|1860 ½gr posthorn File:Hanover 3pf green.jpg|1864 3 pfennig value File:Hanover 3gr roul.jpg|1864 3gr value 
 * In 1860, a ½gr framed crowned posthorn design was issued.
 * In 1861 a 10gr Georg V design was issued, followed by a 3gr value in a new color, brown (shades). Both had red gum.
 * In 1863, the 3pf numeral design had its top inscription altered and was issued in green with rose-colored gum.
 * In 1864, several values were issued percé en arc: the 3pf, ½g, 1 gr and 3gr brown were issued with rose-colored gum, those values plus the 2gr were also issued with white gum.
 * In January 1868, Hanover joined the North German Confederation, making its old stamps obsolete.

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